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Not medical advice. The Atlas is not a substitute for a clinician who can examine you.

Tirzepatide

Dual GIP/GLP-1 Agonist · Mounjaro / Zepbound

Evidence grade 5 of 5, Settled. Read how the Atlas grades evidence.

Tirzepatide is an FDA-approved dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist supported by the SURPASS program in type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-2 showed superior HbA1c reduction versus semaglutide, NEJM 2021) and the SURMOUNT program in obesity (SURMOUNT-1 achieved up to 22.5% weight loss versus placebo, NEJM 2022), with SURMOUNT-5 reporting 20.2% versus 13.7% head-to-head against semaglutide (NEJM 2025) and SURMOUNT-OSA supporting the December 2024 obstructive sleep apnea approval. Evidence level 5 applies to these approved indications, backed by multiple large phase 3 RCTs and regulatory approval.

Counted on the record: 33 human studies, 31 randomized trials, 45,000 participants, 17 animal studies, 6 lab studies.

FDA
FDA Approved (Mounjaro, Zepbound)
WADA
Not prohibited

Reference only. Not medical advice.

What can go wrong

Lean-mass loss (~25% of weight lost, no worse proportionally than placebo); GI side effects; thyroid C-cell black box warning; rebound on cessation.

Talk to a clinician before taking this, particularly if you are pregnant or might become pregnant. The Atlas can tell you what has been studied about Tirzepatide. It cannot tell you how it would interact with your body, your history, or anything else you are taking, and nothing on this page is a reason to start.

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity. In the 2025 SURMOUNT-5 head-to-head trial it produced 20.2% weight loss vs semaglutide's 13.7%, making it, as of 2026, the most effective approved option in its class.

Beat semaglutide head-to-head: 20.2% vs 13.7%. The current peak of incretin medicine.

What people take it for

What it is taken for. Approval, where it exists, covers only some of these.

  • Obesity (FDA approved)
  • Type 2 diabetes (FDA approved)
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (FDA approved)
  • Cardiovascular risk reduction
Type 2 diabetes (Mounjaro)
FDA-approved May 2022 to improve blood-sugar control alongside diet and exercise. The first GIP/GLP-1 dual agonist ever approved.
Chronic weight management (Zepbound)
FDA-approved November 2023 for obesity, or overweight with a weight-related condition.
Obstructive sleep apnea (Zepbound)
FDA-approved December 2024, the first drug ever approved for moderate-to-severe OSA in adults with obesity.
Cardiovascular and heart-failure use
Cardiovascular benefit confirmed in 2025 (SURPASS-CVOT); an obesity-related HFpEF indication is supported by SUMMIT and under regulatory review.

How it works

Tirzepatide is a single 39-amino-acid peptide that switches on two of the gut's incretin hormone receptors at once: GIP and GLP-1. Through GLP-1 it triggers glucose-dependent insulin release, suppresses the sugar-raising hormone glucagon, slows how fast the stomach empties, and acts directly on appetite centers in the hypothalamus and brainstem to increase fullness. Adding GIP-receptor activation appears to amplify the weight and metabolic effect and may blunt the nausea that limits pure GLP-1 drugs. A fatty-acid chain anchors it to albumin in the blood so it lingers about five days, which is what allows a single weekly injection. It is the first approved "twincretin," and that dual action is widely credited for results no single-hormone drug had reached.

The molecule was engineered from the backbone of human GIP rather than GLP-1. It keeps nine amino acids from native GIP and ten that GIP and GLP-1 share, and its first ten amino acids are borrowed from exendin-4, the enzyme-resistant peptide originally found in Gila monster venom that became the very first GLP-1 drug. Two synthetic aminoisobutyric-acid residues sit at positions 2 and 13, the one at position 2 shielding it from DPP-4, the enzyme that destroys natural incretins within minutes. A 20-carbon fatty diacid tail at residue 20 binds albumin and stretches the half-life to roughly five days. Curiously, it grips the GIP receptor about as tightly as native GIP but binds the GLP-1 receptor around five times more weakly than native GLP-1, making it a deliberately imbalanced dual agonist.

Class
Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist
Size
39 amino acids
Half-life
~5 days
Route
Weekly injection
Doses
2.5 to 15 mg
Titration
Up every ~4 weeks

The GIP Question

Here is the part the marketing skips: nobody is fully sure why the GIP half helps. GIP was written off for decades as a glucose-lowering dead end, because its insulin effect is blunted in type 2 diabetes. Pairing it with GLP-1 seems to wake it back up. But a genuine paradox sits under the whole field. Tirzepatide activates the GIP receptor, yet Amgen's rival MariTide blocks it, and both produce weight loss when combined with GLP-1. Several explanations compete: that constant GIP activation eventually downregulates the receptor and so behaves like a slow blockade; that the GIP benefit lives mostly in the brain, dampening appetite and nausea on circuits separate from GLP-1; or that the real edge is biased signaling at the GLP-1 receptor, favoring the cAMP pathway over the arrestin pathway that normally pulls the receptor off the cell surface. The honest summary is that the drug works extremely well and the mechanism is still being argued over in the journals.

How it is taken

Dosing starts low and climbs slowly to manage side effects. The 2.5 mg starting dose is a non-therapeutic lead-in, stepped up roughly every four weeks through 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and up to 15 mg as tolerated. It is injected under the skin of the abdomen, thigh or upper arm once a week on any day, with or without food, rotating sites. No dose change is needed for kidney or liver impairment. Because it slows gastric emptying, it can reduce absorption of oral birth control, so the label advises switching to a non-oral method or adding a barrier for four weeks after starting and after each dose increase. A missed dose can be taken within four days, otherwise skipped.

Safety in detail

Since the FDA declared the shortage resolved in December 2024, large-scale compounded tirzepatide is no longer permitted under the section 503A and 503B exemptions, with wind-down deadlines in February and March 2025 that a federal court upheld in May 2025. Product still sold through online gray-market channels after those deadlines is outside the approved supply chain, and reports describe counterfeit and unlicensed pharmacy offerings that may not meet quality standards. Approved use refers only to FDA-labeled Mounjaro and Zepbound obtained by prescription.

  • Gastrointestinal effects (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation) are by far the most common, concentrated during dose escalation and usually easing over time.
  • Boxed warning for thyroid C-cell tumors based on rodent data. Contraindicated with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN 2.
  • Pancreatitis has been reported; the drug should be stopped if it is suspected.
  • Higher rates of gallbladder disease and gallstones, partly tied to rapid weight loss.
  • Hypoglycemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas, so those doses often need lowering.
  • Acute kidney injury can follow dehydration from severe vomiting or diarrhea.
  • Worsening of diabetic retinopathy is worth monitoring in people with pre-existing eye disease as glucose falls quickly.
  • Delayed stomach emptying raises aspiration risk under anesthesia or sedation; 2024 multi-society guidance individualizes whether to pause it before procedures.
  • A suicidal-ideation concern was investigated by the FDA and European regulators in 2023 and 2024; neither found a causal link, though mood is still worth watching.
  • A meaningful share of the weight lost is lean mass, roughly a quarter, so protein intake and resistance training matter.
  • Weight is substantially regained after stopping unless treatment or a structural lifestyle change continues.
  • Not recommended in pregnancy; animal studies show harm, and a pregnancy exposure registry is in place.

Children and teenagers

Tirzepatide is not approved for anyone under 18, but the pediatric question here is real rather than hypothetical, which sets it apart from gray-market peptides. Lilly is running pediatric trials in both adolescent type 2 diabetes and adolescent obesity, and the broader GLP-1 class has already crossed into pediatrics: semaglutide and liraglutide are FDA-approved for obesity in adolescents as young as 12. That has opened a genuine debate among clinicians and families about treating obesity pharmacologically in still-developing bodies, weighing real metabolic benefit against unknown effects of decades of use started young. Until the trials read out and a regulator acts, tirzepatide use in minors remains investigational, and any non-trial use in a child would be off-label and unstudied.

What people get wrong

Nothing recorded here yet. There is almost certainly something people get wrong about this one, and the blank space means we have not written it down, not that the record is clean.

Who profits, and who pushes back

Nobody is named here yet, because we have not done that work on this entry. Read that as unfinished. Somebody almost certainly sells this, and somebody almost certainly disputes it. Assume both until we have checked.

Unlike a gray-market peptide, tirzepatide has a single dominant beneficiary: Eli Lilly, which owns it. The franchise booked $36.5 billion in 2025, more than half of Lilly's revenue, and helped push the company toward a trillion-dollar valuation. The money then fans out across the system: telehealth platforms that prescribe it, pharmacies that dispense it, and pharmacy-benefit managers who extract large rebates in exchange for formulary placement, a hidden negotiation that shapes which patients get covered. During the 2022 to 2024 shortage, compounding pharmacies and the clinics around them captured a slice of demand with cheaper copies. The contrast with BPC-157 is the whole lesson of this library: here the profit is concentrated, branded and accountable, and it still bends access through price and rebate deals.

How we got here

A Lilly-developed dual GIP/GLP-1 medicine with a broad clinical program and compounding-related disputes.

Tirzepatide is a synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide developed by Eli Lilly under the code LY3298176. Mounjaro and Zepbound are brand names for the same molecule.

Tirzepatide moved from Lilly's early research program into multiple clinical programs and regulatory approvals. Its history also includes supply shortages and disputes over compounding.

Discovery and early clinical studies

2013 to 2020

Lilly developed LY3298176 and advanced it through early clinical studies.

  1. 2013Lilly develops LY3298176Lilly developed LY3298176, a dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist built on the GIP backbone, during 2013 to 2016.
  2. 2016U.S. patent applicationA U.S. patent application for tirzepatide was filed.
  3. May 2019First-in-human Phase 1The first-in-human Phase 1 study of tirzepatide was reported.
  4. October 2019U.S. Patent 9,474,780U.S. Patent 9,474,780 was granted.
  5. May 2020Phase 2 study beginsA Phase 2 study of tirzepatide began.
  6. October 2020Coskun et al. preclinical paperCoskun and colleagues published a preclinical paper on tirzepatide. Coskun and colleagues showed that tirzepatide activates both GIP and GLP-1 receptors, improving blood sugar control and promoting weight loss in early animal and human studies.
  7. October 2020Phase 2 resultsPhase 2 results for tirzepatide were reported. Surpassing Ozempic/Semaglutide on weight loss.
  8. 2020SURPASS Phase 3 launchesThe Phase 3 SURPASS clinical program began.
  9. November 2020SURMOUNT-1 beginsThe SURMOUNT-1 study began.
  10. 2020Wilding et al. on mechanismWilding and colleagues published work on tirzepatide's mechanism. Understanding GLP-1, GIP and ratios of receptor engagement.

Phase 3 trials and initial approvals

2021 to 2023

The SURPASS and SURMOUNT programs advanced, with FDA approvals for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

  1. 2021SURPASS-2In adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide was superior to semaglutide for HbA1c reduction, up to 2.30% versus 1.86%.
  2. 2021SURPASS-3 Phase 3SURPASS-3 was part of the Phase 3 evaluation of tirzepatide.
  3. 2021SURPASS-4 Phase 3SURPASS-4 was part of the Phase 3 evaluation of tirzepatide.
  4. 2022SURPASS-5 Phase 3SURPASS-5 was part of the Phase 3 evaluation of tirzepatide.
  5. May 2022FDA approves MounjaroThe FDA approved Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes.
  6. June 2022SURMOUNT-1 obesity findingsIn adults with obesity or overweight, SURMOUNT-1 reported mean weight reduction of 16.0% to 22.5% versus placebo.
  7. 2022National tirzepatide shortageA national shortage of tirzepatide was reported.
  8. June 2022SURMOUNT-2SURMOUNT-2 reported clinically meaningful weight reduction in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
  9. September 2023Lilly sues compounders and sellersLilly brought legal action against compounders and sellers of tirzepatide.
  10. October 2023SURPASS-6 Phase 3bSURPASS-6 was reported as a Phase 3b study of tirzepatide.
  11. October 2023SURMOUNT-3 lifestyle lead-inSURMOUNT-3 studied tirzepatide following an intensive lifestyle intervention.
  12. November 2023FDA approves ZepboundThe FDA approved Zepbound for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight.
  13. December 2023SURMOUNT-4 withdrawal studySURMOUNT-4 examined outcomes after tirzepatide withdrawal; the record reports weight regain after stopping.

Expanded indications and access disputes

2024 to 2026

The timeline covers additional clinical programs, an obstructive sleep apnea approval, compounding disputes, and later trial and regulatory events.

  1. 2024Compounding lawsuits expandLegal disputes over compounded tirzepatide expanded.
  2. June 2024SYNERGY-NASH Phase 2SYNERGY-NASH reported Phase 2 findings for tirzepatide in liver disease.
  3. June 2024SURMOUNT-OSA Phase 3SURMOUNT-OSA evaluated tirzepatide for obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.
  4. August 2024LillyDirect becomes availableLillyDirect became available.
  5. October 2024Compounding challenges FDACompounders challenged the FDA's actions concerning tirzepatide compounding.
  6. November 2024SURMOUNT-1 176-week findingsA 176-week SURMOUNT-1 follow-up was reported.
  7. November 2024SUMMIT Phase 3 in HFpEFSUMMIT evaluated tirzepatide in a Phase 3 heart failure study.
  8. December 19, 2024FDA determines shortage resolvedThe FDA determined the tirzepatide injection shortage was resolved, removing it from the drug shortage list and ending the compounding exemption.
  9. December 2024FDA approves Zepbound for OSAThe FDA approved Zepbound as the first prescription medicine for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity, based on SURMOUNT-OSA.
  10. March 2025Compounding transition deadlinesAfter shortage resolution, the transition deadline was February 18, 2025 for 503A pharmacies and March 19, 2025 for 503B outsourcing facilities.
  11. April 2025Lilly pharmacy litigation continuesLilly's litigation concerning tirzepatide compounding continued.
  12. May 7, 2025Court upholds FDA shortage decisionA U.S. District Court upheld the FDA decision removing tirzepatide from the shortage list, allowing enforcement against compounders to proceed.
  13. May 2025SURMOUNT-5 head-to-head trialOver 72 weeks in adults with obesity without diabetes, tirzepatide produced 20.2% weight loss versus 13.7% with semaglutide.
  14. September 2025FDA scrutiny of GLP-1 ingredientsThe timeline records FDA scrutiny concerning GLP-1 ingredients in compounded products.
  15. September 2025SURPASS-CVOT Phase 3SURPASS-CVOT evaluated tirzepatide in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
  16. December 2025Mounjaro approval expands to age 10+The timeline records an expansion of Mounjaro approval to people aged 10 years and older.
  17. December 2025SURPASS-CVOT cardiovascular findingsTopline findings reported cardiovascular protection versus dulaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
  18. May 2026SURPASS-CVOT kidney analysisA kidney analysis from SURPASS-CVOT was reported.
  19. July 2026PCOS observational studyAn observational study examined tirzepatide in PCOS. Still running
  20. August 2026FDA approves cardiovascular risk reductionThe timeline records an FDA approval for cardiovascular risk reduction.

The numbers behind the grade

2025 sales
$36.5B
World rank
#1 drug
Approved uses
3 (+more pending)
Peak weight loss
~22.5%
Half-life
~5 days
vs semaglutide
20.2 / 13.7

The people taking it

Tirzepatide is used by people with type 2 diabetes (ages 10+), adults managing obesity with obesity-related sleep apnea, and eligible adults with type 2 diabetes seeking cardiovascular risk reduction. Others use it off-label for weight management, appetite control, body composition, or metabolic concerns, including through compounded or unapproved products, where evidence and safety oversight vary.

Branded U.S. prescriptions were about 1.2 million monthly for Mounjaro and 250,000 for Zepbound by February 2024, about 1.45 million combined. In December 2024, the FDA cited a report that 40 compounding pharmacies collectively dispensed 125,000 compounded tirzepatide prescriptions in one month; those pharmacies represented only a fraction of compounders. Together, known branded and documented compounded use was at least about 1.6 million monthly fills or prescriptions, not unique people; the true number is likely higher, but cannot be pinned down because compounded and grey-market use are not fully counted.

Tirzepatide reaches a far broader population than any gray-market peptide, but not an even one. Diabetes use is relatively balanced across sexes, while obesity and cosmetic use have skewed toward women. Uptake has concentrated among higher-income, privately insured patients, and several analyses have flagged racial and socioeconomic disparities in access, with lower prescribing among Black, Hispanic and lower-income patients despite higher rates of obesity and diabetes. Users span a wide adult age range. The defining demographic story is less about who the drug suits biologically and more about who can afford and get covered for it.

Prescribed worldwide for type 2 diabetes (Mounjaro) and, in a growing list of countries, for obesity and sleep apnea (Zepbound). Lilly estimates GLP-1-class use rising from roughly 20 million people at the end of 2025 toward 30 million by the end of 2026, with tirzepatide holding a leading share.

Set against the alternatives

On weight, tirzepatide clearly beats single-agonist semaglutide. In the head-to-head SURMOUNT-5 it produced about 20% loss versus semaglutide's roughly 14%, and in diabetes it roughly doubled semaglutide on weight. Below it on the ladder sits the approved oral pill orforglipron, now sold as Foundayo, which manages around half the weight loss but in a tablet. Above it sits the still-investigational triple agonist retatrutide, which reached 28 to 30% in its 2026 Phase 3 readouts. Novo Nordisk's CagriSema tried to leapfrog tirzepatide and, in a 2026 head-to-head, actually failed to prove it was better, landing around 23%. So as of mid-2026 tirzepatide is the most effective obesity drug you can fill at a pharmacy, sitting in a narrow window that retatrutide is expected to take once approved.

Semaglutide (Wegovy)GLP-1~15% (up to ~21% high dose)Approved
Tirzepatide (Zepbound)GIP + GLP-1~20 to 22.5%Approved
Orforglipron (Foundayo)Oral GLP-1~11 to 12%Approved 2025
CagriSemaSemaglutide + amylin~23% (failed to beat tirzepatide)FDA decision late 2026
RetatrutideGIP + GLP-1 + glucagon~28 to 30%Filing late 2026

In 2025 the Mounjaro and Zepbound franchise brought in $36.5 billion, making tirzepatide the best-selling drug on earth, ahead of Novo Nordisk's semaglutide products (about $33 billion combined) and Merck's cancer drug Keytruda (about $32 billion). It became number one mid-year when the franchise topped $10 billion in a single quarter. It now generates more than half of Eli Lilly's revenue and helped make Lilly the highest-earning pharma company in the world, with a valuation pushing toward a trillion dollars. The money also shapes access. Lilly sells self-pay vials of Zepbound through its direct channel and retailers from around $349 a month for the lowest dose, while list prices for the pens run far higher and insurance coverage for obesity stays patchy. Pharmacy-benefit managers have turned coverage into a bargaining chip: CVS Caremark dropped Zepbound from some formularies in mid-2025 in favor of Wegovy. During the 2022 to 2024 shortage, compounding pharmacies sold cheaper copies at large scale; with the shortage declared over, that supply is being wound down and pushed back toward branded product. This is the clearest case in the whole library of how much "who is selling it" shapes what people can actually get.

What we do not know

  • How much post-cessation regain is avoidable with resistance training and adequate protein.
  • Long-term safety of continuous use in otherwise healthy people using it cosmetically.
  • Why GIP-receptor agonism and antagonism both seem to help, and which actually drives the benefit.
  • Whether the kidney, liver, heart-failure and addiction programs convert into approved uses.
  • How it holds up against retatrutide once that reaches the market.

What could change

Heart failure (HFpEF)SUMMIT was strongly positive; an obesity-related HFpEF indication is under regulatory review and would be a first.Liver disease (MASH)Phase 2 resolution rates up to 73% are driving larger, longer liver-outcome trials.Chronic kidney diseaseDedicated kidney trials are underway after favorable renal signals in SURPASS-CVOT.Morbidity and mortalitySURMOUNT-MMO is testing whether the weight loss prevents deaths and major events, not just numbers on a scale.Alcohol and addictionEarly trials are probing reduced drinking and other addictive behaviors, echoing a real-world signal.Knee osteoarthritis and PCOSObesity-linked conditions where weight loss may bring measurable benefit.An eye-safety questionA possible link between the GLP-1 class and a rare optic-nerve condition (NAION) is being investigated and remains unresolved.

The market for this

What follows describes how this is bought and sold. It is not a buying guide and it is not an endorsement of any seller.

Prescription-only through pharmacies and telehealth as Mounjaro (diabetes) and Zepbound (obesity, sleep apnea), with self-pay vials through Lilly's direct platform. Compounded tirzepatide is being phased out now that the shortage has resolved.

In 2026, branded Zepbound self-pay prices through Lilly's direct platform and retailers start around $349 a month for the lowest-dose vials and rise with dose, while pen list prices run far higher. Medicare out-of-pocket is capped near $50 for covered patients starting in 2026, but insurance coverage for obesity remains uneven across plans. With the shortage over, the legitimate route is branded product; gray-market "research" tirzepatide is unverified and unlawful for human use.

Branded Mounjaro and Zepbound are pharmaceutical grade and consistent. Compounded and gray-market versions vary widely and are being restricted now that supply has recovered.

United States & European UnionManufactured end to end by Eli Lilly under cGMP, with active ingredient and fill-finish in the company’s own plants. Lilly has committed tens of billions to new US manufacturing (Indiana, North Carolina) and overseas sites to chase demand. This is a tightly controlled, traceable chain.Compounded supply (2022-2024 shortage)When branded product ran short, compounding pharmacies filled the gap, and some of that active ingredient was sourced from overseas suppliers including China, which the FDA flagged for quality and purity concerns. This channel is being wound down now that the shortage is over.Counterfeit riskThe drug’s value has drawn counterfeit pens into the global supply chain, prompting FDA and international warnings. Verified pharmacy or the manufacturer’s direct channel is the only reliable route.Rest of worldSupplied through Lilly and licensed distributors as approvals expand; China added Mounjaro to its national reimbursement list for diabetes, which lowers price and widens access there.

At a glance

Avg. weight loss
20.9% (SURMOUNT-1, 15mg)
vs semaglutide
20.2% vs 13.7% (SURMOUNT-5)
Mechanism
Dual GIP + GLP-1
Dosing
Once weekly

What this entry does not yet cover

What follows is unfinished work on our side, not a finding about Tirzepatide.

Nothing outstanding on this one.

Sources

The studies that matter

  • SURPASS-12021

    Monotherapy vs placebo (478 patients): A1c fell about 2% with weight loss across doses in type 2 diabetes.

  • SURPASS-22021

    Head-to-head vs semaglutide 1mg (1,879 patients): the 15mg dose cut A1c 2.46% and weight 13.1%, roughly double semaglutides weight loss.

  • SURPASS-32021

    Vs insulin degludec over 52 weeks: 15mg reduced A1c 2.37% and weight 13.9%.

  • SURPASS-42021

    Vs insulin glargine in patients at high cardiovascular risk: strong A1c and weight benefit maintained.

  • SURPASS-52021

    Add-on to insulin glargine vs placebo: 62% reached near-normal A1c at the top dose.

  • SURMOUNT-12022

    Obesity without diabetes over 72 weeks: up to 20.9 to 22.5% weight loss, the basis for the Zepbound approval. Three-year data later showed a 93% cut in progression to diabetes in prediabetes.

  • SURMOUNT-22023

    Obesity with type 2 diabetes: about 15.7% weight loss, less than in non-diabetics, as expected for the population.

  • SURMOUNT-32023

    After a 12-week intensive lifestyle lead-in: a further 18.4% loss versus a 2.5% gain on placebo.

  • SURMOUNT-42023

    Withdrawal vs continuation: stopping led to substantial regain while continuing augmented loss, evidence that obesity needs ongoing treatment.

  • SURMOUNT-OSA2024

    Cut the apnea-hypopnea index by 51 to 59%, and nearly half of participants no longer met OSA criteria, supporting the sleep-apnea approval.

  • SUMMIT2024

    In obesity-related HFpEF (731 patients): reduced cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure by 38% over a median two years.

  • SYNERGY-NASH2024

    Phase 2 in MASH with fibrosis: resolved MASH in 44 to 62% of patients and improved fibrosis in roughly half, a first for an obesity drug.

  • SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN2026

    Maintenance trial: 21.9% loss at the top dose by week 112, with only 8% regaining half their loss versus 67% on placebo.