Longevity & Anti-Aging

Forteo · PTH (1-34) Fragment

A PTH (1-34) fragment, FDA-approved for severe osteoporosis and the gold-standard anabolic bone builder. Growing longevity interest for age-related bone loss.

Bone Anabolic / PTH AnalogFDA Approved (Forteo)

Tymlos · PTHrP Analog

A PTHrP analog FDA-approved to build bone in postmenopausal women (2017) and later in men (2022) with osteoporosis at high fracture risk. Its anabolic action draws bone-health interest, though use is limited to the approved osteoporosis setting.

Bone Anabolic / PTHrPFDA Approved (Tymlos), postmenopausal women 2017 and men at high fracture risk 2022; osteosarcoma boxed warning later removed

Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly Tetrapeptide (Epitalon)

Soviet Cold War science. Classified until 1991. Telomere claims no Western lab has verified.

Longevity / TelomereNot approved. Reviewed by the FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee in July 2026 among seven nominated peptides, with FDA briefing documents proposing it not be added to the 503A bulk drug substances list (advisory input, not a final agency determination).

Copper Tripeptide · Gly-His-Lys-Cu²⁺

In your blood since birth. Declining since 30. Search volume up 1,016% year-over-year.

Regenerative / Cosmetic / Gene-RegulatoryNot FDA drug-approved for any indication. Legal as a cosmetic ingredient (INCI copper tripeptide-1) under MoCRA; injectable is unapproved.

Beta-Ala-His Dipeptide

A naturally occurring dipeptide concentrated in muscle and brain, with anti-glycation, antioxidant, and pH-buffering properties. Studied for exercise performance, aging, and metabolic health. Available as an oral supplement.

Antioxidant / Anti-Glycation DipeptideNot an FDA-approved drug; sold and regulated as a dietary supplement in the United States

Gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly Master Antioxidant Tripeptide

An endogenous master antioxidant tripeptide (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly) present in every cell, whose levels decline with age. Oral bioavailability of the intact molecule is poor and debated. Small oral RCTs suggest a modest, inconsistent skin-brightening effect, and pilot liver data are preliminary. The IV 'skin-whitening' and detox use marketed by wellness clinics is unapproved and is the subject of US and Philippine FDA safety warnings, including reports of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and anaphylaxis.

Antioxidant TripeptideNo FDA-approved drug for skin whitening, detox, or anti-aging by any route. Oral glutathione is sold as a dietary supplement. Injectable/IV glutathione for cosmetic skin lightening is unapproved; the US FDA issued 2019 warnings against compounding it into sterile injectables after endotoxin-linked adverse events, and it holds only narrow investigational/adjunct clinical roles.

Ala-Asp-Glu-Leu Bronchial Tetrapeptide

A Khavinson tetrapeptide bioregulator targeting bronchial epithelium, with Russian data on chronic respiratory conditions in aging.

Respiratory BioregulatorNot approved; never evaluated by FDA or EMA. Sold as a research chemical or an imported Russian supplement, not for human consumption in the US.

Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg (AEDR) Cardiac Peptide Bioregulator

A Khavinson short-peptide (cytogen) heart bioregulator with the sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg (AEDR). Russian preclinical, in-vitro and animal data describe effects on cardiac gene expression, cytoskeletal protein synthesis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, with no independent replication and no published human RCTs.

Cardiac BioregulatorNot Approved (USA); sold research-use-only, unapproved as a drug

Glu-Asp-Gly Bronchial Bioregulator

A Khavinson tripeptide targeting bronchial and lung epithelial tissue. Russian data on respiratory function in aging.

Respiratory BioregulatorNot approved by FDA for any indication; sold only as a research chemical labeled not for human consumption

Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro Khavinson Bioregulator

A Khavinson neuropeptide bioregulator targeting nervous-system tissue and peripheral nerve regeneration. Russian clinical data only.

Neuro BioregulatorNot approved (USA); sold as research chemical, not for human consumption

Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide

A nonapeptide isolated in the mid-1970s by the Schoenenberger-Monnier group from the cerebral venous blood of rabbits in induced sleep, and named for the delta (slow-wave) sleep it appeared to promote. Despite the name, that sleep-promoting role was never robustly confirmed, and the human evidence stays sparse, old, and inconsistent. It is sold as an unapproved research chemical for sleep and is now under FDA advisory-committee review under the name Emideltide, which is a compounding review rather than an approval.

Sleep / NeuromodulatoryNot FDA approved. Nominated to the Section 503A bulk drug substances list as Emideltide (DSIP); scheduled for Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee review July 23-24, 2026, for opioid withdrawal, chronic insomnia, and narcolepsy. Review only, not an approval.

Senolytic Peptide / D-isomer Retro-Inverso

Selectively kills "zombie" senescent cells. Mice regrew hair and stamina. Human data: zero.

Senolytic / Anti-AgingNo FDA approval and no approved human indication; sold research-use-only, not for human consumption

Growth Differentiation Factor 11

A circulating TGF-beta family protein at the center of the "young blood" parabiosis controversy. Early studies suggested it rejuvenated aged tissue; later work disputed the findings. One of the most scientifically contested longevity factors.

TGF-Beta Family / Young Blood FactorNo FDA approval and no human administration trials of GDF11 itself; investigational research target only

24-AA Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide

Found while hunting Alzheimer's-resistance genes. From the same mitochondrial DNA as MOTS-c.

Mitochondrial / NeuroprotectiveNot FDA approved for any indication; no completed human interventional trials. Research stage / preclinical only.

S14G-Humanin Enhanced Analog

An S14G-substituted humanin analog roughly 1,000x more potent than native humanin, researched for Alzheimer's resistance and insulin sensitization.

Mitochondrial / NeuroprotectiveNo FDA approval and no completed human trial; not on the FDA 503A or 503B compounding bulk lists. Supplied only as a research-use laboratory chemical, not for human consumption.

FNDC5 Cleavage Product · Exercise Myokine

An exercise-induced protein hormone from muscle that promotes fat-tissue browning, improves insulin sensitivity, and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Dubbed a "fountain of youth" protein in popular press.

Exercise Myokine / Metabolic HormoneNot an FDA-approved drug and not a marketed supplement; exists only as a research reagent and preclinical target, with no completed human intervention trials.

Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala / KEDA), Khavinson liver bioregulator tetrapeptide

A Khavinson liver peptide bioregulator. Proposed mechanism: epigenetic gene regulation in liver tissue.

Liver / Gene RegulatoryNo FDA approval; sold as a research chemical labeled not for human consumption, with no completed FDA action on record

Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA Type-C

A small peptide made from mitochondrial DNA that rises with exercise and falls with age.

Mitochondrial / Exercise MimeticNot FDA approved for any indication; investigational only. First human interventional trial (Phase 2a, NCT07505745) enrolling in 2026; sold elsewhere as a research chemical labeled not for human use.

Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp Pancreatic Bioregulator

A Khavinson tetrapeptide targeting pancreatic tissue and glucose-regulation gene expression in aging. Russian data only.

Pancreatic BioregulatorNot approved by FDA (also not approved by EMA); no registered clinical trials; sold internationally as a research chemical 'not for human consumption,' and in Russia as a registered dietary supplement

Glu-Asp-Arg Khavinson Pineal Tripeptide

A short synthetic Khavinson tripeptide targeting pineal function and neuronal protection. Russian data suggests sleep and cognitive benefits in aging.

Pineal BioregulatorNot FDA approved for any human indication; not on the FDA 503A/503B category 1 bulk drug substance compounding list. Sold research-use-only outside Russia.

Extended Pineal Cognitive Tripeptide

A research variant in the pineal-bioregulator family targeting cognitive protection and circadian regulation. Minimal published data.

Pineal Bioregulator VariantUnapproved; sold for research use only / not for human consumption, no FDA-approved human indication and not an established compounding bulk substance

Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro Prostate Bioregulator

Prostamax is the synthetic Khavinson tetrapeptide KEDP (Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro), the defined-sequence successor to the Russian bovine prostate extract Prostatilen/Vitaprost; it is associated in preclinical Russian rat and cell-culture models with reduced prostate inflammation and reparative signals, but it has no Western RCTs, no independent replication and no FDA or EMA approval.

Prostate BioregulatorNo FDA approval; not an FDA-approved drug and sold in the US only as a research chemical labeled not for human consumption. Not an EMA-approved medicine. (Separately, the related bovine extract Prostatilen/Vitaprost is registered as a medicine in Russia, not in the US or EU.)

Small Humanin-Like Peptide 2

A member of the humanin family from the USC mitochondrial-peptide program. Higher plasma levels associate with longer survival; anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective in preclinical models.

Mitochondrial-Derived PeptideNot FDA approved for any indication; no approved drug application, no completed human clinical trials. Available only as a research reagent, not for human use.

Small Humanin-Like Peptide 6

From the same USC mitochondrial-peptide discovery program as Humanin and MOTS-c, with anti-apoptotic properties observed in cancer cell lines.

Mitochondrial-Derived PeptideNo FDA approval and no investigational (IND) program on record; available only as a research-use-only laboratory reagent, not for human consumption

Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly Gonadal Bioregulator

A Khavinson tetrapeptide targeting testicular gene expression and testosterone maintenance in aging men. Russian data only.

Gonadal BioregulatorNot approved by the FDA for any indication; not evaluated by any Western regulator; no ClinicalTrials.gov registration; sold in the United States only as a research chemical labeled not for human use

Khavinson Thymic Peptide Complex

A bovine thymus-derived peptide complex developed in the 1970s by Vladimir Khavinson and Vyacheslav Morozov and part of the Russian bioregulator system, registered as a pharmaceutical in Russia for immune restoration. Nearly all efficacy data originates from Russian institutions in the Khavinson lineage and has not been independently replicated.

Thymic BioregulatorNot approved (USA); subject of an FDA warning letter

Lys-Glu-Asp Vascular Bioregulator

A Khavinson tripeptide bioregulator targeting vascular tissue and endothelial function in aging. Russian data only.

Vascular BioregulatorNot FDA approved for any indication; not evaluated by the FDA. Sold in the United States only as a research chemical labeled not for human consumption; in Russia it is marketed as a non-prescription peptide bioregulator/dietary preparation.

Lys-Glu Immune Dipeptide (Khavinson)

A Khavinson dipeptide bioregulator with Russian data on immune restoration and gene expression in aging. One of the shortest peptides in the bioregulator system.

Immune Bioregulator DipeptideNot approved by the FDA for any indication. Sold in the United States and elsewhere only as a research chemical for laboratory use, labeled not for human consumption.